3.2.3 Number of Mole and Volume of Gases
Molar Volume of Gas
- Equal amount of gas occupies same volume of space.
- Molar volume of a gas is defined as the volume occupied by one mol the gas at certain condition
- At room temperature(25ºC) and pressure (1 atm), one mole of any gas occupies a volume of 24 dm³ (24 000 cm³ )
- At standard temperature(0ºC) and pressure (1 atm) one mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 dm³ (22400cm³).
| Number of mole of gasses | Volume at s.t.p. (dm3) |
| 1 mol of O2 gas | 1 x 22.4 = 22.4 |
| 1 mol of H2 gas | 1 x 22.4 = 22.4 |
| 2 mol of He gas | 2 x 22.4 = 44.8 |
| 3.5 mol of N2 gas | 3.5 x 22.4 = 78.4 |
| Number of mole of gasses | Volume at r.t.p. (dm3) |
| 1 mol of O2 gas | 1 x 24 = 24 |
| 1 mol of H2 gas | 1 x 24 = 24 |
| 2 mol of He gas | 2 x 24 = 48 |
| 3.5 mol of N2 gas | 3.5 x 24 = 84 |
Example:
What volume (at room temperature and pressure r.t.p.) would 2 moles of oxygen gas occupy? (Molar Gas Volume at r.t.p. = 24 dm³)
Answer:
Volume of gas = 2 x 24 = 48 dm³
Example:
A sample of ozone gas has a volume of 960cm³ at room temperature and pressure. Find the number of mole of the ozone. [Molar volume at r.t.p. = 24.0dm³]
Answer:
Number of mole
= 960 cm3 / 24000 cm3
=0.04 mol
Volume of Gas, Mass of Substance and Number of Particles
Figure below shows the relationship between the number of mole of particles in a substance with the mass, number of particles and volume of gas.
Example
Find the number of particle in 1200cm³ of nitrogen gas at room temperature. (Molar Gas Volume at r.t.p. = 24 dm³)
Answer:
Number of mole of nitrogen gas
= 1200 cm3 / 24000 cm3
=0.05 mol
Number of nitrogen molecules = 0.05 mol × 6.02 × 1 023 = 3.01 × 1 022
Example:
A gas jar containing 200cm³ of oxygen gas at s.t.p. Find the mass of the oxygen gas. [Relative atomic mass: Oxygen = 16; Molar volume of gas at s.t.p. = 22.4 dm³]
Answer:
Number of mole of oxygen gas,
n = 200 cm3 / 22400 cm3
= 1 112 mol
Relative molecular mass of oxygen
= 2×16 = 32
Mass of oxygen
= 1 112 × 32 gmol-1
=0.286g