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Soaps Definition of Soap: Soaps are natural cleaning agents made from fats or oils via a process called saponification. Definition of Soap: Soaps are cleaning substances made from natural materials like animal fat or vegetable oil. People have been using soap for cleaning for hundreds of years. The process of making soap involves reacting these … Read more

Definition and Purpose Definition of Additives: Food additives are substances added to food to prevent spoilage, improve flavour, appearance, texture, or nutrition, and extend shelf life. Definition of Additives: Food additives are special ingredients that scientists or food producers add to food on purpose. These ingredients are not there by accident—they are added to improve … Read more

Medicines (Drugs) Definition of Medicines: Medicines are chemical substances used to treat, cure, alleviate, or prevent diseases by interacting with the body’s biological systems. Definition of Medicines: Medicines are chemical substances that people take when they are sick or want to prevent getting sick. These substances help the body fight off diseases, relieve pain, or … Read more

Source and Chemical Composition Origin from Latex: Natural rubber, or getah asli, is sourced from latex, a milky fluid extracted from rubber trees, primarily Hevea brasiliensis. Origin from Latex: Natural rubber, which is also called getah asli in Malay, is obtained from a white, milky liquid called latex. This latex comes from rubber trees, mainly … Read more

Definition and Production Man-Made Polymers: Synthetic rubbers (getah sintetik) are artificial polymers engineered to mimic the properties of natural rubber. Man-Made Polymers: Synthetic rubbers, also called getah sintetik in Malay, are special materials created by scientists in laboratories. These materials are not found in nature but are designed to copy or imitate the useful qualities … Read more

Basic Structure Esters Formation: Oils and fats are esters formed by the reaction of fatty acids with glycerol. Esters Formation: Oils and fats belong to a group of compounds called esters. These esters are created through a special chemical reaction where molecules called fatty acids combine with another molecule called glycerol. This combination creates a … Read more

Exothermic Reactions Definition: Exothermic reactions release heat to the surroundings, increasing the surrounding temperature. Definition: Exothermic reactions are chemical changes that give off heat to the area around them. Because of this, things near the reaction get warmer, and the temperature around the reaction goes up. It feels hot when you touch something involved in … Read more

Definition and Formation Definition of Polymers: Polymers are macromolecules made by repeatedly linking many small molecules called monomers. Definition of Polymers: Polymers are very large molecules, also called macromolecules, that are made when lots of smaller molecules, called monomers, join together in a chain. This process of joining makes the polymer strong and useful for … Read more

Introduction to Thermochemistry Definition: Thermochemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies heat changes during chemical reactions. Definition: Thermochemistry is a special part of chemistry that focuses on studying the heat (a form of energy) that is given out or taken in during chemical reactions. This helps us understand how much energy is involved when … Read more

Heat of Reaction Definition: Heat of reaction is the heat energy absorbed or released during a chemical reaction. Definition: The heat of reaction is the amount of heat energy that is either taken in (absorbed) or given out (released) when a chemical reaction takes place. This tells us whether the reaction makes the surroundings hotter … Read more